Artist/Picture Study - Yayoi Kasama

Yayoi Kusama was born on March 22, 1929, and is a Japanese contemporary artist who works primarily in sculpture and installation. She also does performance, painting, fashion, fiction, poetry, video art, and other arts. 

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According to Wikipedia, Yayoi's work "is based in conceptual art and shows some attributes of feminism, minimalism, surrealism, Art Brut, pop art, and abstract expressionism, and is infused with autobiographical, psychological, and sexual content. She has been acknowledged as one of the most important living artists to come out of Japan."

She was raised in Matsumoto and then trained at the Kyoto City University of Arts in a traditional Japanese painting style called nihonga. However, she was inspired by American Abstract impressionism. 

In 1958, Wikipedia states, "Yayoi moved to New York City and was a part of the New York avant-garde scene throughout the 1960s, especially in the pop-art movement. Embracing the rise of the hippie counterculture of the late 1960s, she came to public attention when she organized a series of happenings in which naked participants were painted with brightly colored polka dots. Since the 1970s, Yayoi has created art, most notably installations in museums around the world. 

She has been open about her mental health, and says that art allows her a way to express her mental problems. She reported in the interview she did with Infinity Net "I fight pain, anxiety, and fear every day, and the only method I have found that relieved my illness is to keep creating art. I followed the thread of art and somehow discovered a path that would allow me to live."

Below are several pieces or installations that Yayoi has done and what Olivia remembered about them after studying them for a while.

Obliteration Room

Olivia remembered: 

- In the room, there is a dining room/kitchen presented. Everything is covered in polka dots. There are polka dots on top of polka dots. 

- There are definitely areas in the room where the polka dots are closer to one another and on top of one another.

- There is a dining room table with six chairs. There are plates, cups, a wine glass, and a pitcher of some sort...like a tea kettle. They were all covered in polka dots.

- On the wall to the right, there is a cabinet - it's open on top, but there are doors on the bottom. Following along that, it looks like there is a counter or a kitchen sink. I couldn't tell if there was a picture or a window above the sink.

- There also appears to be a plant in the back of the picture. 

- The walls are definitely more heavily polka-dotted than the floor. 

- The polka dots were in colors of red, orange, yellow, pink, blue, and green.

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All the Eternal Love I Have for the Pumpkins 

Olivia remembered: 

- In the picture, there are a ton of yellow pumpkins with black dots all over them. 

- The dots are all neatly in order. Starting in the center section of a pumpkin, they get smaller. 

- They also seem to move the natural lines of the pumpkins. 

- Even the stems are painted black with gold dots matching the sides of the pumpkins in reverse. 

- It looks like there are mirrors on the sides of the walls and ceiling to make the room bigger than what it is actually.

- The floor looks like it is somewhat reflective as well...just like it has been polished. 

- The pumpkins seem to glow from the inside - like they are lamps.

- The colors look yellow and black - like a bee. 

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Pumpkin (M), 2013, Victoria Miro, London

Olivia remembered: 

- In the picture, there is one big lone pumpkin. It appears to be made out of metal and I can't tell if it black first and then painted gold in some areas.

- The polka dots seem to be cut out of the yellow/bronze/gold metal that is laying on top of the pumpkin.

- The stem is in the reverse of the body where it's gold dots with a black surface.

- The ridges on the pumpkin really stand out. 

- In the center, the dots are bigger and as they move out they get smaller.

- There are willow trees in the background. It is definitely outside. 

- It kind of looks like a big piece of Swiss cheese. It kind of reminds me of Swiss cheese.

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Flowers that speak all about my heart given to the sky, 2018, 

Victoria Miro, London, 2018, photo: Thierry-Bal

Olivia remembered: 

- In the picture, there are three big flowers. Each flower is a slightly different color. The one on the left has yellow petals on the inside with black polka dots with pink on the outside of the petals. The inside color with a different outside color repeats for the other two flowers. 

- The inside is painted with a bright color - like red, yellow, or green. Those three colors make the seeds on the inside of the flower. It gives it an interesting look.

- They are in the shape of little rectangles. It kind of reminds me of a spider web. 

- The leaves of the flowers also have polka dots on them. 

- They look like they are on some wooden deck or platform. 

- The second flower to the right is red and white. The other one is pink and blue. 

- Some of the leaves have yellow or blue polka dots. 

- Some of the undersides of the leaves are lighter green with polka dots. 

- The flowers look like they could swallow you up and the petals would close in on you. 

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http://tokinowasuremono.com/e/artist-a08-kusama/177flowersfw.html

Olivia remembered: 

- In the picture, there is a vase and four flowers in it. One on the left is hanging down and is open. It is pointing to the table. The other three are pointing up and are open. 

- The whole picture reminds me of a mosaic and those dot mandalas.

- The whole picture is black and white too. 

- The surface of the table is white with black dots that seem to be going in a wave motion. 

- The vase has two handles on the side. 

- On the center of the vase has bigger random circle. As you go out, they are smaller and they are squished in between the bigger dots - or tucked in - giving it a 3D look.

- Some of the flowers reminded me of dandelions - especially the white ones. 

- The handles look like they are made out of rope looking like how the dots are formed on it. 

- The background is a bunch of little pieces that look like a mosaic. 

- The opening of the vase looks like a clamshell with curves in them. It reminds me of those bigger clam shells that - I think I saw something where they are really big and could swallow a person. Not like they could actually do that. 

- Some of the leaves look like them are snapped onto the stems - not like they are growing out from them. 

- The leaves kind of reminded me of dandelion leaves because of how jagged they are and how many points they have on them.

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Yayoi Kusama: Infinity Mirror Rooms

Tate Modern in London

Olivia remembered: 

- In the room, there are a bunch of lights. There also looks like there are mirrors in the room to reflect the light and make it look bigger.

- There's also a walkway in the center of the room - a path - and there is a big blob in the center of the photo. That could have been the camera taking the picture. 

- The lights were purples and yellow - contrasting colors. They looked like they were hanging from the ceiling.

- Definitely looks like you are in space. Each of the lights is a galaxy.

- Definitely looks like there are pillars in the room to support the ceiling and the room. 

- It's an empty-ish room with mirrors and lights.

- I think it would be cool. It reminds me of a mirror maze. It would be disorienting. You wouldn't know what is a wall and may walk into that. 

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Poet/Poetry Study - Paul Laurence Dunbar

Paul Laurence Dunbar, an American poet, novelist, and short story writer in the late-19th and early-20th centuries, was born on June 27, 1872 in Dayton, Ohio, to parents who had been enslaved in Kentucky before the American Civil War.

Source

According to Wikipedia, "Dunbar began writing stories and verse when he was a child. He published his first poems at the age of 16 in a Dayton newspaper, and served as president of his high school's literary society. 

"Dunbar's popularity increased rapidly after his work was praised by William Dean Howells, a leading editor associated with Harper's Weekly. Dunbar became one of the first African-American writers to establish an international reputation. In addition to his poems, short stories, and novels, he also wrote the lyrics for the musical comedy In Dahomey (1903), the first all-African-American musical produced on Broadway in New York. The musical later toured in the United States and the United Kingdom.

Dunbar suffered from tuberculosis, which in the early-1900s had no cure. He died in Dayton, Ohio, on February 9, 1906, at the age of 33. Wikipedia states that "Much of Dunbar's more popular work in his lifetime was written in the 'Negro dialect' associated with the antebellum South, though he also used the Midwestern regional dialect of James Whitcomb Riley. Dunbar also wrote in conventional English in other poetry and novels."

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The Debt

This is the debt I pay

Just for one riotous day,

Years of regret and grief,

Sorrow without relief.

Pay it I will to the end —

Until the grave, my friend,

Gives me a true release —

Gives me the clasp of peace.

Slight was the thing I bought,

Small was the debt I thought,

Poor was the loan at best —

God! but the interest!

Olivia thought:

- It sounded like it started out like he was taking out a debt to pay for something like going on the bus or trolly.

- The second section talks about death and paying it back when you are dead...or it can't bother you once you are dead. 

- The debt was not important. 

- He thought it was small, but it wasn't. 

- You have the interest on the debt. 

- [After reading a short essay about how the debt this poem may not relate to money, Olivia said:] I like how the author of the essay said that debt may not be focused on a monetary debt, but as a like an action or word that has been said. 

- It makes more sense that way. Certain parts of it...other parts sound money or finance-focused. 

- The stuff in the grave - it can't follow you. It's done. Once you are done, that's it. 

- I liked this poem.

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The Old Front Gate

W'en daih's chillun in de house,

Dey keep on a-gittin' tall;

But de folks don' seem to see

Dat dey's growin' up at all,

'Twell dey fin' out some fine day

Dat de gals has 'menced to grow,

W'en dey notice as dey pass

Dat de front gate's saggin' low.

W'en de hinges creak an' cry,

An' de bahs go slantin' down,

You kin reckon dat hit's time

Fu' to cas' yo' eye erroun',

'Cause daih ain't no 'sputin' dis,

Hit's de trues' sign to show

Dat daih's cou'tin goin' on

W'en de ol' front gate sags low.

Oh, you grumble an' complain,

An' you prop dat gate up right;

But you notice right nex' day

Dat hit's in de same ol' plight.

So you fin' dat hit's a rule,

An' daih ain' no use to blow,

W'en de gals is growin' up,

Dat de front gate will sag low.

Den you t'ink o' yo' young days,

W'en you cou'ted Sally Jane,

An' you so't o' feel ashamed

Fu' to grumble an' complain,

'Cause yo' ricerlection says,

An' you know hits wo'ds is so,

Dat huh pappy had a time

Wid his front gate saggin' low.

So you jes' looks on an' smiles

At 'em leanin' on de gate,

Tryin' to t'ink whut he kin say

Fu' to keep him daih so late,

But you lets dat gate erlone,

Fu' yo' 'sperunce goes to show,

'Twell de gals is ma'ied off,

It gwine keep on saggin' low.

Olivia thought:

- The old front gate is clearly sagging and needs repairs. 

- I heard the word "pappy" which refers to the dad.

- There are sisters are of the age to get married and should be married by now. 

- This poem was confusing and long. The slang and we're guessing what these words mean make this poem definitely on the difficult side.

- Some of the words you can figure out. 

- I think he definitely captures how some African Americans would have talked. 

- I think it would have been a nice poem if I could understand it a little better. 

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We Wear the Mask

We wear the mask that grins and lies

 It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes,

 This debt we pay to human guile;

 With torn and bleeding hearts we smile,

 And mouth with myriad subtleties.

 Why should the world be overwise,

  In counting all our tears and sighs?

  Nay, let them only see us, while

  We wear the mask.

   We smile, but, O great Christ, our cries

    To thee from tortured souls arise.

    We sing, but oh the clay is vile
Beneath our feet, and long the mile;
But let the world dream otherwise,

    We wear the mask!

Olivia thought:

- So it is about wearing a mask when you are out in public. At the beginning it sounds like it is an actual, physical mask. Towards the end, it sounds more like a figurative one. People don't know that you are wearing. 

- One would wear the mask to hide - to hide pain and misery. 

- They want to keep the mask on because there's no reason for others to know what's going on in your life. 

- I liked it. I think the death one is better. I think people can associate themselves with one of the characters who is behind the mask.

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Dawn

An angel, robed in spotless white,

Bent down and kissed the sleeping Night.

Night woke to blush; the sprite was gone.

Men saw the blush and called it Dawn.

Olivia thought:

- Talking about the sunrise and how it pink. 

- People thought the angel was the sun or the bringer of the dawn; and then he would disappear and not leave a trace.

- It's the transition from night to day. 

- I like this one. It is cute. 

- This is a new perspective on looking at this transition from night to day.

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Invitation to Love

Come when the nights are bright with stars

Or come when the moon is mellow;

Come when the sun his golden bars

Drops on the hay-field yellow.

Come in the twilight soft and gray,

Come in the night or come in the day,

Come, O love, whene’er you may,

And you are welcome, welcome.

You are sweet, O Love, dear Love,

You are soft as the nesting dove.

Come to my heart and bring it to rest

As the bird flies home to its welcome nest.

Come when my heart is full of grief

Or when my heart is merry;

Come with the falling of the leaf

Or with the redd’ning cherry.

Come when the year’s first blossom blows,

Come when the summer gleams and glows,

Come with the winter’s drifting snows,

And you are welcome, welcome.

Olivia thought:

- This person is inviting love into their life because - I guess - they haven't felt it. They want to let love knows that it is welcome in their life. 

- I like the beginning part with the sky - come when the nights are bright with that - that first section.

- Talks about the seasons, grief, how love is soft, and bringing it home. 

- The part with the sky and the seasons, I could picture that in my mind. 

- I liked Dawn better than this one.

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Ships that Pass in the Night

Out in the sky the great dark clouds are massing;

I look far out into the pregnant night,

Where I can hear a solemn booming gun

And catch the gleaming of a random light,

That tells me that the ship I seek is passing, passing.

My tearful eyes my soul's deep hurt are glassing;

For I would hail and check that ship of ships.

I stretch my hands imploring, cry aloud,

My voice falls dead a foot from mine own lips,

And but its ghost doth reach that vessel, passing, passing.

O Earth, O Sky, O Ocean, both surpassing,

O heart of mine, O soul that dreads the dark!

Is there no hope for me? Is there no way

That I may sight and check that speeding bark

Which out of sight and sound is passing, passing?

Olivia thought:

- First thought was the song "Ships in the Night." 

- This gives me a melancholy feeling. Everything seems alright, but there's an air of urgency and concern with the solemn booming gun. It sounds like there may be other ships fighting. 

- "Out in the sky the great dark clouds are massing" - I can imagine the dark clouds coming together. 

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Poet/Poetry Study - Langston Hughes

James Mercer Langston Hughes (February 1, 1901 – May 22, 1967) was an American poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist from Joplin, Missouri. 

Source

One of the earliest innovators of the literary art form called jazz poetry, Hughes is best known as a leader of the Harlem Renaissance. He famously wrote about the period that "the Negro was in vogue", which was later paraphrased as "when Harlem was in vogue." 

Growing up in a series of Midwestern towns, Hughes became a prolific writer at an early age. He moved to New York City as a young man, where he made his career. He graduated from high school in Cleveland, Ohio, and soon began studies at Columbia University in New York City. Although he dropped out, he gained notice from New York publishers, first in The Crisis magazine, and then from book publishers and became known in the creative community in Harlem. 

He eventually graduated from Lincoln University. In addition to poetry, Hughes wrote plays, and short stories. He also published several non-fiction works. From 1942 to 1962, as the civil rights movement was gaining traction, he wrote an in-depth weekly column in a leading black newspaper, The Chicago Defender.

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Dreams 

Hold fast to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.

Hold fast to dreams
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.

Olivia's thoughts: 

- It's saying that without dreams that life is sad and empty. Dreams are what makes you want to do things.

- It definitely makes me think of a bird with a broken wing. The bird would feel sad and hurt. Vulnerable. 

- A barren field could be an empty field in the middle of winter...kind of like what we see now. Looking at the field, it feels cold, 

- When there is corn, it is full of life and potential. 

- If the bird has no one there to help it, it will most likely die. If I don't have someone to help me with my dream, it most likely would die too.

- I like this poem.

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Still Here

I been scarred and battered.
My hopes the wind done scattered.
   Snow has friz me,
   Sun has baked me,

Looks like between 'em they done
   Tried to make me

Stop laughin', stop lovin', stop livin'--
   But I don't care!
   I'm still here!

Olivia's thoughts: 

- I feel like it is someone who has been depressed or bullied to the point of feeling depressed.

- The whole message is that despite all of that, they are still there or here. They are resilient. 

- It did feel like a poem about racism. 

- The people who are being racist to him, they are trying to stop him from laughing, loving, and living. They don't want him in that community. But, he's not going to listen to them...he's going to keep going.

- He is head-strong, stubborn, and courageous. 

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Mother to Son

Well, son, I'll tell you:
Life for me ain't been no crystal stair.
It's had tacks in it,
And splinters,
And boards torn up,
And places with no carpet on the floor-
Bare.
But all the time
I'se been a-climbin' on,
And reachin' landin's,
And turnin' corners,
And sometimes goin' in the dark
Where there ain't been no light.
So, boy, don't you turn back.
Don't you set down on the steps.
'Cause you finds it's kinder hard.
Don't you fall now-
For I'se still goin', honey,
I'se still climbin',
And life for me ain't been no crystal stair.

Olivia's thoughts: 

- Definitely talking about the hardships that she has faced in her life. She's telling him that this is part of life and you have to push through it, and there will be spots where things go well. 

- Telling him no matter what - keep going....keep pushing forward. 

- She doesn't stop fighting - I didn't stop fighting or am not going to stop fighting - so neither should you. 

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Harlem

What happens to a dream deferred?

      Does it dry up
      like a raisin in the sun?
      Or fester like a sore—
      And then run?
      Does it stink like rotten meat?
      Or crust and sugar over—
      like a syrupy sweet?

      Maybe it just sags
      like a heavy load.

      Or does it explode?

Olivia's thoughts: 

- A dream that you have to postpone feels like weight - it's always going to be there in the back of your mind and you are not going to forget it. 

- Depending on how big the dream is, it could be like any one of those situations.

- A dream that is deferred would fester...it's not going to let you forget it's there. 

- All of the analogies seem to be right, except the sugary one. That reminded me of making maple sugar candies. 

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I, Too

I, too, sing America.

I am the darker brother.
They send me to eat in the kitchen
When company comes,
But I laugh,
And eat well,
And grow strong.

Tomorrow,
I’ll be at the table
When company comes.
Nobody’ll dare
Say to me,
“Eat in the kitchen,"
Then.

Besides,
They’ll see how beautiful I am
And be ashamed—

Olivia's thoughts: 

- Definitely again talking about race and how the blacks weren't allowed to eat with white people. They were sent away. 

- It talks about one day they won't do it...they will all be able to sit together. 

- The mood is sad...a little darker sad...but more sad, I think. 

- He's dreaming about the day that his people and the other people can sit together as one and respect one another. 

- I like the shorter poems that he does. 

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The Negro Speaks of Rivers

I've known rivers: 

I’ve known rivers ancient as the world and older than the flow of human blood in human veins.

My soul has grown deep like the rivers.

I bathed in the Euphrates when dawns were young.

I built my hut near the Congo and it lulled me to sleep.

I looked upon the Nile and raised the pyramids above it.

I heard the singing of the Mississippi when Abe Lincoln went down to New Orleans, and I’ve seen its muddy bosom turn all golden in the sunset.

I’ve known rivers:

Ancient, dusky rivers.

My soul has grown deep like the rivers.

Olivia's thoughts: 

- Again, this is about race. Kind of reminds me of how the Underground Railroad and how they would cross rivers to stop the scent so the dogs wouldn't be able to track them anymore. 

- Talks like he is still in Africa, and then you hear about the part with Abraham Lincoln and you know that he is in the United States. 

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